Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan, has been shaped by diverse cultures throughout its history. Following the 1966 earthquake, which caused large-scale destruction to the urban infrastructure, the city underwent a radical rebuilding campaign as architects from across the Soviet Union collaborated with local experts; the resulting modernist architecture (1964-1991) is unique to Tashkent and reflects its multifaceted social fabric. This publication combines the materials of the Tashkent Modernism XX/XXI project, for which an international team of architects, historians and restoration experts joined forces on recording and restoring the city's modernist legacy. This comprehensive book presents research results alongside insights that contextualize the work in a broader framework of Uzbek and Soviet history. It provides a strategic plan for conservation and adaptation of this important architectural heritage which resonates with preservation ambitions of modernist architectures on a global scale. The publication consists of two parts. The first volume contains a series of written and visual essays, while the second encompasses fifteen building monographs that present histories, protection inventories and intervention strategies for the selected buildings. Initiated and commissioned by the Art and Culture Development Foundation of Uzbekistan.