Senegal has difficulty producing elite athletes and playing major roles on the international scene. This situation is explained by the fact that the vast majority of young Senegalese talents are forced to choose between sports and studies because of the absence of a system that lends itself to it. As a result, many great athletes live their retirement in very difficult conditions. The experiences accumulated as an international athlete and coach in Cuba, Spain and Canada have led the author to revisit the world experience in elite sports in order to create a system that would take into account the socio-economic, psychosocial, psychoaffective and historical realities of Senegal. Thus, 298 elite athletes, including 113 retired and 185 active, were surveyed, in addition to the four experts. Since it is impossible to talk about elite sport without referring to Olympism and the hierarchical organization of sport at the international level, we addressed the entire nomenclature of world sport. We also covered the historical aspects of sport psychology and Sport-Études.