This study sought to establish the basis for improving the efficiency of maize farming in the Central Region of Ghana. Primary data for the study were obtained through a survey. In all, 302 maize farmers provided the required information for the analysis. The main research instrument used was a structured interview schedule. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the state of resource utilisation in maize production in the region. A stochastic frontier cost function, applied to cross-sectional data, was used to analyse firm level cost efficiency of production and its determinants. Efficiency of resource utilization was analysed using marginal value product of inputs. Constraints were analysed using Kendall¿s coefficient of concordance.