A pioneer of criticism on fantasy literature, Colin Manlove (1942-2020) taught English and Scottish literature at the University of Edinburgh for more than twenty-six years, retiring as reader in 1993; he was awarded a DLitt in 1990. During his long and prolific career, he wrote numerous books including Modern Fantasy (1975), Christian Fantasy (1992), Scottish Fantasy Literature (1994), and The Fantasy Literature of England (1999). He also wrote books on Shakespeare, children's literature, science fiction, and George MacDonald, the most recent of which, George MacDonald's Children's Fantasies and the Divine Imagination, was published in 2019.